四川某稀土矿选矿试验研究

针对四川某稀土矿选矿工艺存在的稀土回收率低的问题，开展了一系列选矿试验研究。试验结果表明，在矿浆质量浓度为30%，粗选NaOH用量为600g/t，水玻璃用量为3000g/t，EF1106用量为3500g/t，起泡剂用量为60g/t情况下，采用一粗、三精、两扫、中矿按顺序返回的选矿流程，可获得稀土REO的品位和回收率分别为66.32%和79.88%的稀土浮选精矿。与该选厂的生产指标相比，稀土回收率提高了13.93%。     

高寒列车转向架防冰涂料的研究

在高寒地区运行的列车转向架部位容易发生结冰现象，这在一定程度上对行车安全造成隐患。对于平滑表面而言，表面的接触角滞后与冰粘附强度呈现线性关系，即接触角滞后越小，冰粘附强度越低。基于这一基础理论，本文意在构建低滞后的光滑涂层，实现涂层的低冰粘附强度，从而达到易除冰的效果。研究选用 HDI三聚体型多异氰酸酯为固化剂，对比了 3种商品化具有低表面能特性的含氟羟基树脂应用于双组分防冰涂料的性能差异，并采用疏水性最强、防冰性能最优的氟硅树脂制备了综合性能优异的高寒列车转向架防冰涂料。     

硫酸镍煅烧的实验研究

硫酸镍煅烧可以产生镍氧化物,作为制备氧化镍的原料。以六水硫酸镍为原料,采用热重-差热分析（TG-DTA）、X射线衍射（XRD）分析研究了其煅烧过程并对产物进行了表征。研究结果表明,硫酸镍煅烧过程分为3个阶段：第一阶段（27~250 ℃）及第二阶段（250~600 ℃）为脱水阶段;第三阶段（600~900 ℃）为分解阶段。在煅烧温度为850 ℃、煅烧时间为30 min、粒度为74~147 μm条件下,硫酸镍煅烧产物为氧化镍。     

合成二甲氧基甲烷技术研究进展

二甲氧基甲烷作为用途广泛的化工原料,其合成技术在不断创新与发展。根据反应原料和工艺流程的不同对二甲氧基甲烷合成技术进行了概述与简评,该技术包含甲醇与甲醛催化缩合制备二甲氧基甲烷、甲醇与多聚甲醛反应制备二甲氧基甲烷、甲醇一步法制取二甲氧基甲烷、离子液体电催化氧化甲醇制取二甲氧基甲烷、二甲醚氧化生成二甲氧基甲烷、二溴甲烷合成二甲氧基甲烷、合成气制备二甲氧基甲烷、甲醇与二氧化碳反应制取二甲氧基甲烷等。醇醛缩合制备二甲氧基甲烷仍是当前主流的生产工艺,甲醇一步法制取二甲氧基甲烷工艺因在环境和投资上有优势而被广泛研究,是最具工业化前景的新技术,该技术尚需突破的是兼具氧化还原性与酸性的双功能催化剂。     

Theoretical and experimental advances on heat transfer and flow characteristics of metal foams

Open cell metal foam can be applied to greatly improve thermal performance of heat sink and heat exchanger, so that it has been widely used in the fields o     

纳米NiO掺杂Carbores'P对Al2O3-C耐火材料力学性能的影响

为提高低碳铝碳耐火材料的力学性能,以≤1 mm的棕刚玉、Si粉和Carbores’P为原料,外加纳米NiO为催化剂,制备Al2O3-C基质试样,利用XRD、SEM、激光拉曼光谱研究纳米NiO对Carbores’P炭化产物的影响。以棕刚玉(粒度为5~3、3-1、≤1 mm)、电熔白刚玉粉、Si粉、鳞片石墨、Carbores’P、纳米NiO为原料制备低碳Al2O3-C试样,研究纳米NiO掺杂Carbore’P对试样力学性能的影响。结果表明:1400℃埋碳热处理后,添加纳米NiO能提高基质的石墨化度,促进碳纳米管和SiC晶须的生成;正是由于它们的生成,提高了Al2O3-C试样的致密度、常温强度和断裂前的位移量,使试样韧性增强。     

Enhanced airborne sound absorption effect in poly(vinylidene fluoride)/(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-nanofiber composite foams

Introducing electrical conductive function to discharge local piezoelectric effect is found effective for improving airborne sound absorption performance. In this work, instead of conductive fillers, a composite with two piezoelectric materials with opposite piezoelectric responses was explored aiming at enhanced sound absorption effect. Open-cell poly(vinylidene fluoride)/(K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃ (PVDF/KNN)-nanofiber composite foams were proposed and investigated for airborne sound absorption purpose. Structural and thermal analyses showed that the KNN nanofibers were well dispersed in the PVDF matrix and enhanced the degree of crystallinity of polar phase of PVDF. Significantly enhanced airborne sound absorption over a broad frequency range was observed in the PVDF/KNN-nanofiber composite foams, with increasing KNN nanofibers. One possible mechanism for the improved sound absorption with the piezoelectric KNN nanofibers with positive piezoelectric coefficient added in the PVDF matrix with negative piezoelectric coefficient is that electrical discharge could be facilitated for energy dissipation with the opposite charges generated through the piezoelectric effects in the two phases with opposite polarity. The experimental results show that the open-cell PVDF/KNN-nanofiber composite foams are promising for broadband airborne sound absorption application, and our analysis shed a light on the strategy in designing piezoelectric composite foam with high sound absorption performance.